gardner



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. GARDNER. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Patented Sept. 26, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN GARDNER, OF MANCHESTER, ENGLAND.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,547, datedSeptember 26, 1893. Application filed February 3,1893. Serial No.460,905. (No model.) Patented in England January 13, 1893, No- 787.

To all whom itmay concern: Be it known that I, JOHN GARDNER, a subect ofthe Quenn of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Manchester, in thecounty of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Type-Writ- 1ng Machines, (patented in'Great BritainJannary 13, 1893, No. 787,) of which the followlng 1s a specification.This invention relates to that type of writ- 1ng machines in which thetype for the characters to be written or produced thereby is carried ona cylinder or segment of a cylinder, and these improvements consist inthe construction, arrangement and combination of parts and deviceswhereby (a) the cylinder or segment of a cylinder is restored toabsolute zero after each movement in either direction; (1)) the cylinderor segment of a cylinder is locked or stopped in position while theimpression is made; and (c) a single driving lever or bar is operated torotate the cylinder in both directions.

A machine of the type described and that to which my improvements aremore especially intended to be applied is described in the specificationLetters of Patent granted to me No. 463,860, dated November 24, 1891.

I will describe my present invention with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side view; Fig. 2 an end view; Fig. 3a plan; and Fig. 4 a transverse section along the line ac-y Fig. 1.Figs. 5, 6,: and 7 are transverse sections showing the stem of anoperating key in three successive positions. Fig. 8 is an end viewshowing the device for restoring the cylinder or segment to zero aftereach movement. Fig. 9 is a plan of the key plate; and Fig. 10 is anelevation of one of the outer keys.

The rotating type cylinder or segment of a cylinder (hereinafter calledthe cylinder) is constructed in a similar manner to that described in myformer specification or in any other suitable inanner, as are also theremaining parts of the machine not fully illustrated or represented inand by the accompanying drawings. The lower part of the cylinder only isrepresented atA, Fig. 1.

B is the long pinion through the teeth of which the cylinder A isrotated by the motion bring a stop finger into contact with the keys.

Since the stop finger necessarily moved through the arc of a circle itfollowed that the keys must also be arranged in the arcs of, concentriccircles, an arrangement which, although perfectly convenient andcommonly adopted in writing machines, is objectionable to some operatorsand less advantageous than the linear arrangement of keys which mypresent invention enables me to employ. In either case, when thecylinder is in the printing position, so long as pressure is applied tothe keys, the driving quadrant tends to 1'0- tate the pinion B, whilethe driven quadrant being stopped, prevents the rotation, and it followsthat all backlash between the teeth of the pinion and quadrant is takenup, and the cylinder will be brought into the precise printing positionwithout shake or vibration.

O is the driving quadrant, and O is the driven quadrant. These twoquadrants are secured respectively 0 to the driving bar or lever F, andC to the stop bar or lever D. The stop bar D is mounted between thepivots E E so that it may be oscillated freely by the motion of thepinion B, transmitted through the quadrant O. The driving bar F isparallel with and below the bar D, and is carried by the brackets G Gwhich may be supported or suspended on the pivot E, and the bar Drespectively, as shown, so that in the absence of any restraint, each ofthe bars may be oscillated independently. The driving quadrant O isfirmly secured to the bracket G so that any motion imparted to thedriving bar is directly transmitted to the pinion B.

On each of the bars D, F, I form wings or projections, in such a mannerthat in plan, the wings H on the driving bar preferably alternate withthe wings II on the stop bar. (Figs. 1 and 2.) The construction andopera tion of these wings will be hereinafter fully described withreference to Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

' Upon each side of the bars D, F, there are plate J, Fig. 9. The upperends of these keys are provided with index tablets denoting the letterswhich they respectively produce as in my former machine. The keys areeach provided with a driving shoulder K and with a stop L, the positionsof these driving shoulders and stops being relatively to the axis of thepivots E E, precisely alike onevery key stem, and all of them facingtoward the bars D F. As the two outer rows of keys are at a greaterdistance from the bars than the in ner rows, these rows of keys are madewider as shown in Fig. 10, so as. to bring the parts K L into therequired position relatively to the bars. On the back of each key thereisa projection or part M the use of which will be described also withreference to Figs. 5, 6, 7.

On each side of the bars D F, and parallel therewith, there is a lightrail 0, carried in the brackets P-P freely pivoted at N N. The framethus composed is normally pulled upward by the springs Q. The undersides 7 of the brackets P P have projections carrying the. smallfriction rollers R R and at their upper sides other similar projectionscarryin g the smallfrictionrollers S S. On or forming the stem of thequadrant 0- thereis cam shaped plate T, having the two shoulders T T.

When the machine is at rest, the friction rollers S S rest against theshoulders T T,

and by their means the cylinder is always brought to the zero or centralposition after each excursion, and it will be obvious that the cylindercannot be moved until one of the rollers S has been disengaged from itsshoulder T.

I will now describe the operation of the apparatus with reference toFigs. 5, 6, and '7. In Fig. 5 the apparatus is shown as its parts existin relationship to each other duringrest. The springs U now hold thekeys in their highest position. Immediately upon the depression of akey, its projection M comes into contact with the rail 0 and depressesit, thus releasing the cam plate T and permitting the pinion and thecylinder to be turned (Fig. 6). As the motion of the key is continued,its projecting shoulder K comes into contact with its appropriate wing Hon the bar F, thereby depressing it and rotating the bar through anangle determined partly by the amount of lost motion in the key beforethe shoulder comes into contact with the wing, and partly by, thevertical distance of the contact point of the wing from a vertical planepassing through the axis of the bar. The tips of the wings are thereforeon aninolined plane and they serve the same purposeas thestepped ordiagonal lever of my former construction, the full depression of eachwing bringing a particular typeof the cylinder into the printingposition. As the two bars D F are geared together through the pinion Band the quadrants 0.0 it follows that an oscillatory motion in the bar Fwill produce without backlash a corresponding motion of the bar D, inthe same direction. In

consequence, when a driving win g is depressed by one of the keys, thestop Wings on the rod D will be moved and the appropriate wing H willultimately come into contact with the stop L on the depressed key,beyond which-motion of the bars D F is impossible and the cylinder issecurely locked in the impression position. During the depression ofthekey, the roller R carried on a stud projecting from the frame isbrought into contact with and depresses the lever V Fig. 7. This levercommunicates motion to the letter spacing dogs which control the motionof the paper carriage, and which are constructed as in my formermachine. The rail 0 also communicates motion by the stud Y (Fig. 3) tothe leverW which also is of somewhat similar construction to thecorresponding-part'of my former machine, and whichreleases theimpression hammer. The stop WingsH arearranged in an inclinedplane as isthe case with the driving wings, and consequently the driving bar willrotatethe cylinderfo'radifferent distance for each stop wing before itcomes into action, this distance being thataat.

which thetype corresponding to the key in action comes into the printingposition...

There are asmany wings- II and H respect ively as there are keys, andthey are preferably formed as hereinbefore described, upon the two barsD F,butthey may if'desired,be

formed upon a single bar when they will have the appearance represented'in'plan, by Fig. .3. In this case only one quadrant O Will-be re- .IOO

quired and a detent might beemployed to overcome the backlash betweenthe teeth of the pinion and of the quadrant, this detent certained thenature of my'said invention and in what manner the same is to beperformed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In a typewritingmachine thecombina tion with a shaft, of a quadrant-gear carried thereby, aninclined series of contact points on both sides of said shaft, andanoscillating bar hung on said shaft and having an inclined series ofcontact poin-tson both sides of said bar, substantially as described. 1

2. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of a quadrantgear carried thereby, an inclined series of contact points: on bothsides of said shaft, an oscillating bar; hung on said shaft, an inclinedseries of contact points on both sides of said baralternating with thoseon the shaft, and a quadrant gear carried by saidbar and concentric withthe gear on the shaft, substantially asde scribed.

3. In a typewritingmachine the combination with a shaft D having thewingsH proj ecting alternately from each sidethereof, and having theirtips in a plane inclined toward clined toward the other end of theshaft, said wings H each lying opposite a wing H, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of the camplate, T, thereon, having two shoulders upon its periphery, two rockingframes on either side of said cam, an arm on each frame adapted toengage with a shoulder on the cam, and springs for holding said armsnormally in contact with the cam to lock the shaft, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a typewriting machine the combination with a shaft, of the camplateT thereon, having two shoulders, two rocking frames on either sideof said shaft, an arm on each frame engaging a shoulder on the cam, astud projecting from each frame, and a lever adapted ary, 1893.

JOHN GARDNER.

Witnesses:

WM. GEO. HEYS, ARTHUR H. PULMAN.

